Showing posts with label WEB NEWS. Show all posts
Showing posts with label WEB NEWS. Show all posts

Sunday, 9 February 2014

How To Convert Your Facebook Page Into A Website




Many  Lots of people having Facebook page. Almost every bloggers also have a FB page. Here are lots of people who contain a popular Facebook page but don't have any website. If you are one of them then you can easily make a website just in a minute with your FB page. A simple tool called EXAI is available that allows users to turn your Facebook Page into Website or Mobile site free of cost with some clicks.

Features:

1. A Website in 1 Click
2. Matching Mobile Site
3. Easy to use interface
4. Free SEO
5. Free Hosting
6. Hire Professionals
7. Amazing Photo Effects
8. Lots of Widgets

For making a website just click on this link exai.com and go to website. Here click on start and Just do 3 simple steps. The free site URL will be www.xxxxxx.exai.com, if you want to set your own custom domain name to your website go to pricing options.

Saturday, 8 February 2014

HOW TO GET .COM,.ORG.NET DOMAIN NAMES FOR FREE




HI FRIENDS,

TODAY I BROUGHT YOU A NEW TRICK THOSE WHO HAVE WEBSITES
FreePremiumDomain IS A WEBSITE TO GIVES DOMAIN NAME FOR FREE.
TO GET THIS BENFIT THEN FOLLOW THESE STEPS
1.>>>>>FIRST GO TO THIS WEBSITE FreePremiumDomain
AND REGISTER 
2.>>>>>THEY WILL ASK WHICH OFFER YOU WANT.
TWO OPTIONS .
       1,IF YOU WANTO GET ONLY ONE DOMAIN NAME FOR YOU WEBSITE T HEN SELECT FIRST OPTION.YOU WANTO REFER 9 FRIENDS TO GET A DOMAIN NAME FOR FREE
2,IF YOU WANT TO GET TWO DOMAIN NAMES FOR FREE THEN SELECT THE SECOND OPTION .BUT YOU WANT TO REFER 16 FRIENDS TO GET THIS DOMAIN


3.>>>>>>>>>>AFTER REGISTERING ON THIS WEBSITE THEY WILL ASK YOU TO CONFIRM YOUR EMAIL 
4.>>>>>>>>>>AFTER CONFIRMING YOUR EMAIL YOU CAN SEE YOUR REFERAL LINK IN YOUR ACCOUNT MY REFERAL LINK IS http://www.FreePremiumDomain.com/?r=608332
4.>>>>>>>>>POST IT ON FACEBOOK OR YOUR WEBSITE OR OTHER SOCIAL NETWORKS
AFTER REFERING FRIENDS AS THEIR OFFER YOU WILL GET A DOMAIN NAME 

Tuesday, 4 February 2014

NetTraffic: display network traffic information on the Windows desktop





If you want to find out how fast you are downloading or uploading in Windows, you will notice that it is not really that easy to find out. While some third party programs display those information to you in their interface, Windows itself seemingly does not make available any of those information to you directly.
Windows offers tools that display your network's activity but you need to know where to look. You can open the Task Manager with Ctrl-Shift-Esc for instance and switch to the Networking tab there, or use the Resource Monitor instead which is also highlighting all the processes that use bandwidth currently.
NetTraffic is a free alternative for Windows that you can use to display the bandwidth utilization of a network adapter.
Note: NetTraffic requires the Microsoft .Net Framework 2.0.
It adds a single icon to the Windows system tray that is highlighting if upload or download bandwidth are used currently. When you hover over the icon, the current upload and download speed is listed in a small notification window.
nettrraffic
A click opens the traffic graph that stays there until you click it away again. The always on top graph highlights the upload and download bandwidth in absolute numbers and as a graph. You can disable the always on top nature of the window though if you want with a right-click and the selection of Always on top in the context menu. Here you can also open the program's preferences.
nettraffic preferences
The application uses all network interfaces by default. If you only want to monitor one or some, you can modify that here in the preferences. Here you can also modify the update interval which is set to 1000ms by default and change the colors that are used to paint the chart information on the screen.
The statistics window displays several interesting information. It not only displays the yearly, monthly, daily and hourly bandwidth utilization of the selected network adapters, but also a prognosis and average values.
You need to run the network traffic monitor for a while on the system as the accuracy will increase significantly over time.
The statistics window offers charts as well that you can make use of to display the traffic utilization for a given time frame in the window. Information can be displayed as graphs or in a table, with options to export data into an xml file.

Verdict

If you want to monitor your system's bandwidth over time, then this is one of the tools that you can use for the purpose. If you need information about the bandwidth of individual processes, try NetLimiter Monitor.

How to block people on Google+ from emailing you 7BE3DQXW6U4C



email via google+
One of Google's primary goals, besides knowing more about you than your better half, is to integrate the company's Google+ service into its other services.
Since Google+ is not as popular as Facebook, some say it is a ghost town but that has changed a bit over the past year or so, Google attempts to increase its popularity by making it mandatory for many of the company's other products.
Just recently, Google+ commenting was rolled out on YouTube, the world's most popular video hosting platform, and while Google claimed it would improve the commenting culture on the site, it actually made it worse.
Yesterday the company announced that it has started to integrated yet another feature to make Google+ more appealing to users.
The new Gmail integration means that anyone on Google+ can email you even if they do not know your email address. While your email address is not shared with those people directly, it means that anyone who has a connection to you on the site, meaning has you in their circles, can send you an email without knowing your address.
This works only on the Gmail web client for know and not on other clients (e.g. the mobile app). As long as someone on Google+ has you in one of their circles, they can mail you.
If you have enabled the new Gmail inbox category system, then you will notice that messages from primary contacts, people you have in your circles, land in the primary folder on Gmail. Messages from people that you do not have in your circles land in the social category instead.
If an email arrives, you can decided to block future messages, allow future messages, or report spam and abuse.
The issue
This looks great on paper, as it improves the message sending (even though you could just fire off a private message instead).
We have identified two issues with the new system.
  • First, it is opt-out, meaning that it is enabled by default.
  • Second, since anyone can email you, you may see an increase in spam or other unsolicited emails.
The fix
You can disable the feature on Gmail. To do so, open the settings on the Gmail website. Here you find the new Email via Google+ option which defines which people can email you via your Google+ profile.
The default is set to anyone, which you can change to extended circles (meaning your connections and their connections), your circles, or no one.
If you set the preference to no one, you effectively eliminate the possibility that someone on Google+ uses the new feature to send you an email.
They may be able to contact you in other ways though on the site itself, for instance via the site's own "send a message" feature that you find on profile pages.

7BE3DQXW6U4C

Unshorten: speed up the opening of short urls on Android


Whenever you try to load a short url resource on Android, one that will redirect you to the original address in the process, you will be taken to the system's default browser first before you are taken to the native application handling those links.
Say, you spot a link on Twitter that points to Instagram. Without Unshorten, activating that link opens your web browser of choice first, where the link is expanded before it can be opened in the native app.
With Unshorten, the link on Twitter is automatically resolved so that it is directly opened using the native Instagram application.
Here is how it works in detail.
Once you have installed the Unshorten application on your Android device, supported are all versions of the operating system from 2.2 on, you will notice that it adds itself as a potential handler for select short url services such as those used by Reddit, Instagram, Twitter, Google, Facebook, WordPress or The Verge.
unshortenshort-urls
When you tap on a supported short url, a "complete action using" screen is displayed to you. Here you need to select Unshorten from the list of available options. You can use the service only this one time, or select the Always option to make it the default handler for these types of links permanently.
You can tap on sample links that the application lists when you start it to make it the default handler for these types of links.
The core benefit that Unshorten provides you with is speed. Once you have configured your Android device to open those links using the application, you will save time each time such a link gets opened on your system as the web browser middle-man is bypassed automatically.
So who is this for?
If you run native apps for supported services, say Instagram or Twitter, and come into contact with short urls regularly, you will benefit from Unshorten as it speeds up the process of opening those links for you.
Unshorten supports a wide variety of online services that make use of short url services, and more are added by its author regularly so that any missing ones will be available eventually. If you use at least one of those services natively, and come in contact with short urls of that service, then it is very likely that you will find this app useful.

Monday, 3 February 2014

Gmail Hacks, Tips and Tricks


 

You already know that Gmail beats most email providers with its endless customization capabilities, Google product integration, and a fantastic spam filter. Take it to the next level with these Gmail power user tips, add-ons, and plugins.

1. Gmail Keyboard Shortcuts

If you haven’t already, master the shortcut keys to simplify the way you compose, read, archive, search, and report spam mail. Some of these may be straight forward, like c for compose, but through the shortcut menu you can learn how to navigate and organize your mailbox entirely with your keyboard.
In the same vein, Gmail users eager to simplify their experience with single keystrokes can check out Launchy: a free, open source keyword launcher that runs in your system tray and opens apps with designated keystrokes. Launchy is still “a far cry from Quicksilver for Mac” according to Gina Trapani at Lifehacker, but Adam Pash of Lifehacker says, “I can't recommend it highly enough.” Here is a quick tutorial for one-key Gmail composing through Launchy.

2. Google Code Macros

The Greasemonkey extension for Firefox, familiar to many power users, allows JavaScript functionality on any web page. Piggybacking off of this capability, the generically-named Macros script enables a number of keyboard shortcuts. Some of the shortcuts from the original script have now been implemented in the new Gmail; however, to enable the ones that are no longer functional in this newest version, users only have to install this extension. Those who have not updated to the newest Gmail can find other Greasemonkey scripts still available to enhance the older version.

3. Bookmark Searches and Emails

With the newest version of Gmail, searches are granted their own URLs which can be bookmarked; however, those still operating under the old version, on the fence about the changes, can still generate these “baby” bookmarks for searches through this form, created by Steve Rubel. Meanwhile, all messages in Gmail have URLs, too. While the message is open, simply type CTRL-D to bookmark it.

4. Resize Composition Box

The aptly-named Resizeable Textarea Firefox extension allows you to click and drag the bottom right corner of the text box you’re typing in without resizing your browser window. This add-on will operate not only in Gmail, but also in any forum or discussion board where the textbox is too small for an appropriate response – especially one that you may want to read over before sending. Note that any browser built with the newest Opensource.org web kit will already have this capability. For more browser info, check out the Internet software category.
Resize Composition Box

5. Change Your Inbox Focus

Everyone knows that you can enter tasks, set appointments, and manage your calendar through your Gmail account. Now Chrome and Firefox users alike can install the ActiveInbox plugin in order to optimize Gmail for productivity. Building upon Gmail’s priority inbox feature, this plugin allows you to sort emails according to tasks, set reminders that can be snoozed or dismissed, and create project folders and sub-folders. It also enables a note section on emails for important personal reminders. Additionally, it implements the Previous Conversation Viewer, pulling up a history of emails between you and the sender (or recipient), allowing you to reflect on past comments and respond faster.

6. Streamline Adding Attachments

If you’ve ever sent an important attachment, chances are that you’ve also experienced the embarrassing reply message stating you’ve neglected to attach the aforementioned file. This Greasemonkey script scans all messages for references to attachments including variations such as “attached” or “attachment.” When you click send on a message with such references that is missing an attachment, a prompt will pop up asking you to confirm whether your email is ready to send.
Streamline Adding Attachments To make matters even simpler, wouldn’t it be great if you could drag files directly into your email? Check out the Firefox extension dragdropupload which allows you to do exactly that if you are running Firefox 3.0 or newer. Once installed, you can simply click and drag the file – or multiple files at once – from a folder or the desktop and drop them onto the “Browse” button to attach.

7. Secure Gmail & Avoid Spam

The Firefox add-on OptimizeGoogle (which is based on an abandoned add-on called CustomizeGoogle) enhances both Google searches and your Gmail experience. Specifically in terms of Gmail, it enables secure browsing in emails and the calendar, hides the counter on your Spam folder, and uses a fixed font for the body of emails. Ultimately, while securing your experience, it provides a cleaner look to your inbox. Meanwhile, when using the search engine, this add-on enables URL previews on sponsored links, removes ads, removes click tracking, and adds a counter to search results among other features. If your primary concern is that irritating and eternally growing Spam counter, however, you may be better off just trying out this Greasemonkey + Firefox script to keep it out of sight.

8. Automate Frequently Repeated Text

Signature functionality is built into Gmail, but frequently typed phrases can be automated with Firefox extension Signature, which allows you to insert designated text with a keystroke. Note that, as of right now, Signature is not yet compliant with Firefox 9.0.1. Also try the Windows app, AutoHotKey, or the Mac app: TypeIt4Me. Both allow you to create keystrokes to automate text in virtually any application.

9. POP3 & IMAP Forwarding

“I recommend using IMAP (where the mail is both on the server and on your local machine(s)/device(s)) and uploading all your email onto Gmail,” writes Mark Wheeler, a Gmail power user. “You can keep copies on the Google servers and your desktop/laptop/phone so that they are all efficiently accessible and available anytime anywhere. Don't have to worry about backups, or disk space...I have 25,000 emails and have only used 9% of my space!”
To upload old email like Mr. Wheeler did, set up a Gmail IMAP account in your desktop email client. In the client, establish folders that correspond to your Gmail labels, and drag and drop your non-Gmail into the folders. If you're using Outlook with .PST format or Outlook Express, you will have to convert or export the emails to mBox data file format before the messages will translate. The process may take some time. Also, the original dates and times attached to the messages will appear in Gmail as the dates and times that the messages were imported into Gmail. Click here for a tutorial from My Digital Life.

10. Mute Conversations

Ever found yourself subscribed to a mailing list and the current conversation has nothing to do with you? If you don’t want to unsubscribe, you can easily stop the friendly spam with the Gmail mute function. Select a message in the thread and hit the m key to auto-archive all incoming messages in the conversation. The thread will stay muted until you un-mute it; it will also un-mute itself if your address appears in the To or CC box.

11. Keep it All in One Place

The Mail Fetcher allows you to add up to five different accounts and then both receive and send via POP3 without logging out of Gmail. Unlike a simple forwarding feature, Mail Fetcher allows synchronization of Gmail actions with the home server. Go to your Gmail Settings and open the Accounts tab, then click Add another mail account. One caveat of sending from non-Gmail accounts: the recipients may see, “FROM you@Gmail.com on behalf of you@otherdomain.com,” especially if the recipients are using a client like Outlook.
Additionally, users can use Google Toolbar and Gmail together to transform a Gmail account into a massive archive of interests. To do this, simply add the Google toolbar to your browser. When you happen across text or images you want to save, highlight them and click the Send To Gmail link.

12. Gmail/Google Notifier and Desktop Plugin

Tired of constantly refreshing your browser for new notifications, install the Notifier widget to check your email (and Google Calendar, if you're a Mac user). As with almost everything else under the sun, there's also a Firefox extension that will serve the same function (it's not released by Google).


Some users have reported compatibility issues between Google Toolbar, Google Apps and Google Desktop. Everyone's configuration is different, so it's impossible to know, but Maxim Alexeyev created this Google Desktop Plug-In that efficiently replaces Google Notifier for users. The plug-in also offers multi-username functions as well as Google Apps support.
For those trying to force Gmail Notifier to use SSL, this wikihow tutorial involves hex editing. Advanced Mac users with Google Notifier may find this comment on the O’Reilly Mac DevCenter helpful as well.

13. RSS feeds & Podcasts in Gmail

This Greasemonkey + Firefox script will allow your Google Reader RSS feed to appear directly in your mailbox. Google Reader and Gmail seem to be moving closer together in functionality and interface and it's likely that they'll soon be officially integrated.
In the meantime, Gmail users can also turn emails and conversations into a comprehensive RSS feed using this syntax: https://username:password@gmail.google.com/gmail/feed/atom. Then sign up for a FeedBurner account to host and distribute it. With an RSS-to-podcast site like AudioDizer.com or one of the many options at NextUp to create text-to-speech files, users can now listen to their Gmail through an iPod or similar device. This hack is based on a tip from Mike Donaghy. For more information, check out these podcast resources.

14. Inclusive and Exclusive Labels

If you have to do a mailbox-wide search, you may already know what folders and labels to leave exempt. Instead of browsing through hundreds of search results, implement the –label: and +label: syntax to modify your search results to either exclude labels entirely (with the former), or search exclusively in a given label (with the latter). For instance, if you want to avoid your chat conversations, which are automatically filed like emails with a Chat label, add the string -label:Chat before your search terms.

15. Use Gmail as an External Hard Drive

Use up any vegetating space in a Gmail account with this Windows drive shell extension (Mac users should check out gDisk). Your Gmail space will then appear in My Computer as an external drive. When you drag and drop a file to the drive, an email is sent to your Gmail account with the file as an attachment. Note that this is a fairly old program but seems to have been updated for the latest Gmail version.

 

 

Googlewhack trick used to slip junk mail past spam filters


Spammers feel lucky

Advanced features in Google's search engine are being used by spammers to disguise the URLs of spamvertised sites. Hackers have been using Google search functions to hunt for vulnerabilities. Now their peers in the junk mail business are getting into the act, Symantec reports.

Google supports a variety of advanced query words that are capable of narrowing the scope of a search. Spammers have latched onto this functionality as a means to direct an end user to a URL advertising their products or services, without directly pointing at a site. The approach, as with so many in the field of spamming, is designed to bypass junk mail filters.

Symantec came across the technique after coming across spam emails containing a URL that, on casual inspection, resembled a "Google search results" link. However, when clicked, the URL directs surfers to a site selling replicas of expensive watches, pens, and jewelry.The trick worked because a spammer had managed to make a search query that was specific to their website, using an advanced Google search combining the "inurl" and "intext" operators. Next comes the clever part: spammers simulate a user click on Google's seldom-used "I'm Feeling Lucky" button, so that surfers are taken directly to the first result that comes up for the entered search query. As the spammer has designed the query to yield only one result - that of the spamvertised site - surfers are taken directly to a junk-mail-promoted site after selecting what looks like a search result entry.Having designed the trick, it's straightforward for spammers to pump out emails designed to evade junk mail filters. Fortunately anti-spam firms are able to counter the approach, which represents another skirmish in the ongoing war of the inboxes between those developing junk mails and filters. "As usual, spammers keep changing their techniques to defeat the filters," explains Symantec researcher Jitender Sarda. "But on the other hand, we develop new techniques and technology to counter them." ®

Wednesday, 29 January 2014

TOP TEN YOUNGEST BILLIONAIRES

Every one dreams of a happy and lavish life.Here is the list of Top 10 Youngest Billionaires of the world.One day you can also turn rich with your dedicated hard work.

10.Sergey Brin

  • Country:United States
  • Age:39
  • Net Worth: $16.7 billion
Sergey Brin is a co-founder of most profitable Internet company, Google. Sergey Brin is only 39 years old and has a net worth of US $16.7 billion. Sergey Brin completed Ph.D in computer science from Stanford University. He is on the top 10 youngest billionaire list having a worth more than any other in this list.

9.Yoshikazu Tanaka

  • Country:Japan
  • Age:35
  • Net Worth: $4.3 billion
Yoshikazu Tanaka is Japanese developer and programmer who started GREE Social Networking Company. GREE is a very popular Japanese social networking website. Yoshikazu Tanaka is only 35 years old and has a net worth of $4.3 billion.

8.Sean Parker

  • Country:United States
  • Age:32
  • Net Worth: $1.9 billion
Sean Parker is also on the top 10 list of youngest billionaire with a net worth of about $1.9 billion. He is a co-founder of Plaxo, Napster and Causes. Plaxo is a social networking service and Napster was a music sharing service. He is also the president of social networking website, Facebook.

7.Ayman Hariri

  • Country:Lebanon
  • Age:32
  • Net Worth: $1.5 billion
Ayman Hariri is also the son of Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri who joined his father’s business after his father’s death in 2005. The worth of Rafik Hariri was divided into his sons. Ayman Hariri has a net worth $1.5 billion and he is among the top 10 youngest billionaire.

6.Fahd Hariri

  • Country:Lebanon
  • Age:30
  • Net Worth: $1.6 Billion
Fahd Hariri is a son of Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri. He is only about 30 years old and has a net worth $1.6 Billion. He is the youngest son of Rafik Hariri and he inherited his father’s business after his death in 2005.

5.Yang Huiyan

  • Country:China
  • Net Worth: $7.4 billion
Yang Huiyan is amongst the youngest top 10 billionaire of the world as listed by Forbes because she holds major shares of Country Garden Holdings. She has a net worth of $7.4 billion. Yang Huiyan graduated from The Ohio State University in 2003.

4.Eduardo Luiz Saverin

  • Country:United States
  • Age:30
  • Net Worth: $2 billion
Eduardo Luiz Saverin is a co-founder of Facebook with Mark Zuckerberg. He is listed on the top 10 youngest billionaire and he is only 30 years old now. Eduardo Saverin has a net worth of about $2 billion. He was born in Brazil and he completed his B.S. Economics course from Harvard University in 2006 where he founded Facebook.

3.Albert Maria Lamoral Miguel Johannes Gabriel

  • Country:Germany
  • Age:29
  • Net Worth: $1.5 billion
Albert Maria Lamoral Miguel Johannes Gabriel is prince of Thurn and Taxis in Germany. He is a socialite and he is only 29 years old now. Albert was the youngest billionaire till 2010 and now he is in the top 10 youngest billionaire. He became billionaire after his father’s death in 1990 and he was listed many times as the world’s youngest billionaire by Forbes magazine. He studied economics and theology from University of Edinburgh.

2.Dustin Moskovitz

  • Country:United States
  • Age:28
  • Net Worth: $3.5 billion
Dustin Moskovitz is amongst the top 10 youngest billionaire who was co-founder of Facebook which is number one social networking website. He is now co-founder of Asana (Firm to solve enterprise collaboration) after he left Facebook in 2008. Dustin Moskovitz is now only 28 years old and has a net worth of $3.5 billion. Dustin Moskovitz studied at Harvard University with Mark Zuckerberg where they initially developed Facebook.

1.Mark Zuckerberg

  • Country:United States
  • Age:28
  • Net Worth: $10.2 billion
Mark Zuckerberg started off world’s number one social networking website, Facebook and currently he is the CEO of Facebook. He is dropout student from Harvard University and he has developed the Facebook which is now world’s number one social networking website. Mark Zuckerberg has a net worth $10.2 billion (2012) and he is the number one youngest billionaire. He is now only 28 years old and was awarded with TIME Person of the Year 2012 award. 
After going through the above personalities I hope that its been an great inspiration for all you people.

Tuesday, 14 January 2014

These Are The 5 Biggest Cyber Attacks In History That Shocked The Whole World !



5 Biggest Cyber Attacks In History


1> Titan Rain

The US Military Intel was the target of the attack initiated in China. The attack was discovered by Shawn Carpenter from Sandia National Laboratories in 2004. FBI named the attack Titan Rain. A few sensitive computer networks were hacked, including those belonging to the US Military and NASA. Not only IT systems were broken, but computers were infected with malware that made it possible to assault databases in future. Can you believe it! This is a true espionage story on an international level! Amazing! The attack was localized, but the FBI guys were scared as hell. Some people claim this is the biggest cyber attack in the modern history. P.S. The guy who discovered the attack was eventually fired. :(

2> Moonlight Maze

Russia vs the US. The cold war continues. From 1998, during 2 years, NASA, Pentagon and the Department of Energy were reporting data leakage from their information systems. Even some universities claimed they noticed intrusion to their databases. Russia still denies its involvement (c’mon, we know that’s you!).

3> Presidential Espionage

Even presidents can become victims of cyberpunks. Obama and McCain suspected one another of espionage. However, it was a problem that turned out to be much bigger than everyone could think. FBI found international traces and confiscated computers and all electronic devices used in the campaign in both camps. Russia or China were the main suspects but nobody claimed the responsibility for these attacks.

4> 750,000 American zombies

A Chinese hacker group, supposedly supported by the government, assaulted US computer networks at all possible levels. The goal of the attack was to infect PCs with malware that can be activated later. As a result, there were 750,000 zombified computers that could be used in DDoS attacks. Hackers used email with some attractive offers compelling users to open up emails.

5> Worldwide Web Slowdown

It is the most recent attack, reported in March 2013 According to security experts, the DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attack is considered to be the biggest in the history of Internet, ranging to almost 300GB/s. Based on reports, the attack was initiated against Spamhaus, a non-profit organization based in London and Geneva that maintains a list of databases of server involved in malicious delivery of emails, spams and unwanted content. It is after them having blocked the servers maintained by Cyberbunker a web host, the attack was said to have initiated. .Attack Targeted Whole Globe and causing many connection failures on secure servers, The attack is considered to be large enough for even Government systems to be taken down easily.

Friday, 6 December 2013

Nelson Mandela Dead: Former South African President Dies At 95

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Former South African President Nelson Mandela, who served 27 years in prison for anti-apartheid activities and led his continent into a new era, has died at age 95.
South African President Jacob Zuma confirmed the news:
"He is now resting. He is now at peace," Zuma said. "Our nation has lost its greatest son. Our people have lost a father."
Born Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela in Transkei, South Africa, the civil rights activist would become the linchpin in South Africans' move to end the country's notorious apartheid regime. The impact of his efforts -- to reconcile generosity with pragmatism and to find the common ground between humanity’s higher values and his own aspiration to power, as journalist John Carlin once described them -- would ultimately reach well beyond South Africa’s borders, and earn him a Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.
Prior to doing so, however, Mandela earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Fort Hare, during which time he was elected onto the Student's Representative Council and suspended from college for joining in a protest boycott.
Mandela was qualified in law in 1942, an accomplishment that would ultimately help him make the kind of contribution to the freedom struggle of his people that he'd reportedly dreamed about since hearing stories of valor by his forebears during the wars of resistance in defense of their land.
That law degree allowed Mandela to practice law and in August 1952 he and Oliver Tambo established South Africa’s first black law firm, Mandela and Tambo.
But by Dec. 5, 1955, he would be on the other side of the law following a country-wide sweep by police that would put him and 155 other activists on trial for treason. The case, known as the 1956 Treason Trial, dragged on until the last 28 accused, including Mandela, were acquitted on March 29, 1961.
During the trial, on June 14, 1958, Nelson Mandela married Winnie Madikizela, a social worker. They had two daughters, Zenani and Zindziswa. The couple divorced in 1996.
Rising through the ranks of the African National Congress (ANC), initially by way of the organization’s youth wing, which he helped establish in 1944, Mandela was ultimately asked to lead the armed struggle and help form Umkhonto weSizwe ("Spear of the Nation").
On Jan. 11, 1962, using the adopted name David Motsamayi, Mandela left South Africa secretly. He traveled the continent and abroad to gain support for the armed struggle. Before returning to South Africa in July 1962, Mandela also received military training in Morocco and Ethiopia.
His training would hardly be put to use, however.
In 1964, alongside eight members of the ANC and its armed wing, Mandela stood trial for plotting to overthrow the government by way of violent acts. The following year he was sentenced to life in prison, a term he served until Feb. 11, 1990.
The would-be South African president spent 18 of his 27 prison years on Robben Island confined to a small cell with the floor for a bed and a bucket for a toilet. During his imprisonment, Mandela was forced to do hard labor in a quarry and was allowed one visitor a year for 30 minutes.
Jack Swart, who served as Mandela's chef when he was moved to a private house inside the Victor Verster prison compound in 1988, recalled encounters with Mandela on Robben Island, in an interview for PBS Frontline's "The Long Walk Of Nelson Mandela," documentary:
...We got the order that while they worked in the quarries, we had to keep time on our watches ... of what their resting periods were, because they had to work. [A prisoner] was only allowed to rest or stop working if he wanted to go to the toilet and we had to keep note, and if one, for example, rested too much, then he was charged, and then Mandela was always the man who went to represent them ... they always went to him when there were problems, asked him for advice ... He was always the person, the central person. When they broke for lunch also, they always went to sit with him and talk to him. He was the person who sort of went to defend them when they were charged with a misdemeanor in prison.
As Swart noted, those years in prison would prove to be transformative, leading Mandela to become the most significant black leader in South Africa and the country's first black president in 1994, the first to be elected in a fully representative democratic election in South Africa.
During his presidency, from 1994 until June 1999, Mandela used the nation's enthusiasm for sports as a pivot point to promote reconciliation between whites and blacks, encouraging black South Africans to support the once-hated national rugby team.
Actor Morgan Freeman's portrayal of Mandela in the 2009 film "Invictus," based on events leading up to the 1995 Rugby World Cup, is said to offer a glimpse of the leader's legendary sense of humor, which has also been described alongside his charisma and a notable lack of bitterness over his harsh treatment.
In addition to his continued fight for the civil rights of his people -- including the creation of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), a court-like restorative justice arm of Mandela’s democratically elected government and a new constitution, which he signed into law in 1996, establishing a central government based on majority rule that would guarantee the rights of minorities -- Mandela worked to protect South Africa's economy throughout his presidency. In 1994, he established the Reconstruction and Development Plan through which the South African government funded the creation of jobs, housing and basic healthcare.
After his health began to fail -- he was hospitalized in February 2012 for a long-standing stomach ailment -- Mandela returned to the rural community where he was born.
Mandela’s death comes months afer his 95th birthday on July 18, which his foundation, various charities and businesses vowed to celebrate with a nationwide day of service that includes painting schools, handing out food and books, and running a 41-mile relay marathon in the spirit of Mandela's 67 years of activism and public work.
Nelson Mandela is survived by his wife, Graca Machel, his former wife, Winnie Madikizela-Mandela and three daughters Pumla Makaziwe, Zenani and Zindziswa Mandela.
Zuma has ordered that all flags in the nation be flown at half staff from Friday till Mandela's funeral.
"What made Nelson Mandela great was precisely what made him human," Zuma said in his address. "We saw in him what we seek in ourselves."

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